One particularly significant form of aortic occlusive disease is known as the “coral reef” aorta, so named because of the bulky, frondlike calcifications seen primarily to involve the visceral segment of the abdominal aorta ( Fig. 2015 Oct;23(5):555-7. doi: 10.1177/1708538114559325. Coral reef aorta (CRA) is a rare disease characterized by aortic calcification in the visceral aorta that grows into the lumen and leads to severe stenosis. 2018 Nov 27;8(3):253-260. doi: 10.1159/000494716. Methods: thoracoabdominal aorta: coral reef aorta (CRA) (Figure 1). Schafer C, Heiss A, Schwarz A et-al. Patients present with arterial occlusion-like symptoms such as intermittent claudication and visceral ischemia such as bowel involvement causing diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal pain. The aim of our study was to investigate calcification inhibitors and the ultrastructure of calcifications in patients with coral reef aorta. 2012;16 (3): 98-105. 7. The calcifications are often similar in appearance to growths of hyperplastic bone, though abnormalities in serum calcium are not found. The Coral Reef Aorta is a rare phenomenon of extreme calcification in the juxtarenal and suprarenal aorta. It usually presents as resistant hypertension, renal dysfunction, mesenteric ischaemia, limb claudication 2013;21 (4): 251-9. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Successful Surgery for Coral Reef Aorta Owing to Takayasu’s Arteritis Complicated by Infected Aortic Aneurysms. Harada M, Miyashita Y, Ichikawa T, Kobayashi M. Case Rep Nephrol Dial. Ectopic calcification and formation of mineralo-organic particles in arteries of diabetic subjects. 2010 Apr;5(4):568-75. doi: 10.2215/CJN.07081009. Check for errors and try again. Sera of patients were analyzed for fetuin-A, uncarboxylated MGP (ucMGP), and osteoprotegerin. Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. How bad it is. Coral reef aorta (CRA) is a rare disease, described as hard calcifications involving the arterial wall which protrude into the lumen. Coral reef aorta can sometimes lead to heart failure. eCollection 2020 Nov. Sci Rep. 2020 May 22;10(1):8545. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65276-7. HHS The coral reef aorta, which Qvarfordt et al. These lesions are located typically at the suprarenal and/or juxtarenal aorta causing significant occlusion. (1) is characterized by an eccentric, heavily calcified polypoid lesion and stenosis of the juxtarenal and suprarenal aorta. Non-contrast CT demonstrates dense, serpiginous, exophytic, calcifications of the aortic wall which protrude into the aortic lumen. Author(s): Tsutomu Doita, Yoshiki Watanabe, Takashi Shirakawa, Osamu Iida, Yosuke Hata, Shinya Fukui A 61-year-old woman presented with coral reef aorta (CRA) owing to Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) complicating infective aortic aneurysms. Ten patients with coral reef aorta were examined. Coral reef aorta is rare type of atherosclerotic diseases with severe calcification in the visceral part of the aorta. It is normally treated using conventional surgery such as thromboendarterectomy, covered stent graft replacement of the aorta, and thoracoabdominal bypass graft. A 40% decrease in coral reef calcification has been hind-cast between the years 1880 and 2065. 2020 Aug 17;22(5):249-252. doi: 10.1016/j.jccase.2020.07.014. Patients present with arterial occlusion-like symptoms such as intermittent claudication and visceral ischemia such as bowel involvement causing diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal pain. 2008 Oct;23(10):3263-71. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfn226. Coral reef aorta (CRA) is a rare disease characterized by atherosclerosis, calcification, and stenosis of the abdominal aorta, being described as rock-hard calcifications in the visceral part of the aorta. first identified in nine patients over a period of 13 years, is a rare entity of calcifying aortic disease localized to the suprarenal aorta . I The serum protein alpha 2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein/fetuin-A is a systemically acting inhibitor of ectopic calcification. What people are taking for it. These calcifications often resemble the growths of hyperplastic bone, … thoracic aortic dilatation (differential), D-loop transposition of the great arteries, L-loop transposition of the great arteries. NLM Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. As assessed by immunohistochemistry, most MGP was detected in the vicinity of calcified regions. Coral reef aorta involving the proximal part of the descending aorta is rare as it is usually situated below the renal arteries. Although these surgeries are the norm, they often come with serious complications. 18 December, 2018. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 2. ‘Ocean warming and acidification uncouple calcification from calcifier biomass which accelerates coral reef decline’. Typically treatment is invasive surgery, most commonly thromboendarterectomy. Results: Coral reef aorta (CRA) is a rare condition, characterised by rock-hard calcification of the juxta-renal and supra-renal aorta with luminal encroachment causing significant stenosis of the aorta and its branches. The rock-hard, irregular, gritty, whitish surface of the calcification strongly resembled a … This unusual atheroma exhibited extensive calcification and metaplastic bone formation, Belczak SQ, Sincos IR, Aun R, Costa KV, Araujo EA. (2014) Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil). Patients usually present at around 50 years of age, which is younger than most patients suffering from other arterial occlusive diseases. 2003;112 (3): 357-66. Moe SM, Reslerova M, Ketteler M, O'neill K, Duan D, Koczman J, Westenfeld R, Jahnen-Dechent W, Chen NX. Copyright (c) 2010 Annals of Vascular Surgery Inc. Coral reef aorta, a rare condition that was first described in 1984 by Qvarfordt et al. Refractory heart failure and intermittent claudication secondary to supra-renal coral reef aorta. A Case of Rapid Progressive Kidney Dysfunction with Severely Calcified Stenotic Aorta. This condition can be quite as gradual deposition narrows down the opening of the valve in the heart, which may limit the proper flow of blood through the valve of the aorta. Coral reef aorta (Cra) is a rare condition, characterised by rock-hard calcification of the juxta-renal and supra-renal aorta with luminal encroachment causing significant stenosis of the aorta and its branches. Vascular. 2009;4 (1): . USA.gov. Such a condition is called stenosis of aortic valve which blocks the blood circulation throughout the body. Coral reef aorta is a rare disease resulting in calcifying aortic stenosis. CRA luminal lesions can cause significant aortic stenosis. There are few reports of coral reef aorta resulting in severely congestive heart failure in the literature. [Calcified coronary artery disease and serum markers]. Unable to process the form. Shroff RC, Shah V, Hiorns MP, Schoppet M, Hofbauer LC, Hawa G, Schurgers LJ, Singhal A, Merryweather I, Brogan P, Shanahan C, Deanfield J, Rees L. Nephrol Dial Transplant. The estimated frequency of this disease ranges between 0.6% and 1.8% in the aortoiliac occlusive disease [2] . Figure 1: Coral reef aorta. Corals generally maintain a high Ω at the site of calcification, but with decreasing CO 32-, precipitation of aragonite requires more energy, hence the decrease in calcification rate. However, the coral reef lesions had much more extensive calcification (>70%, or 0.74 gm/gm wet tissue) in the form of multiple irregularly shaped, calcified densities, somewhat reminiscent of those seen in calcified heart valve … Conclusion: Coral reef aorta syndrome (CRAS) was reported by Qvarfordt et al. "coral reef" atherosderosis should be considered if visceral, renal, and limb ischemia is not adequately explained by the arteriographic pattern of conventional atherosclerosis. Get the latest research from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus. Cores of corals from the Great Barrier Reef indicate a 14% decrease in calcification rates from 1990 to 2005. (2020). Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! This can cause the aorta to narrow and restrict blood flow. Common symptoms. {"url":"/signup-modal-props.json?lang=us\u0026email="}. Coral reef aorta (CRA) is a condition of extreme atherosclerosis and calcification of the aorta that can present with severe post-aortic valve obstruction. Ultrastructural analysis of calcified specimens showed a core-shell structure with multiple calcification nuclei. Calcified specimens were investigated by immunohistochemical techniques for the expression of the calcification inhibitors matrix gla protein (MGP) and fetuin-A. Relative postoperative complications include acute ischemia of the lower extremities and viscera such as the bowel 1. The pathophysiology of CRA is not well understood. Serum levels of the calcification inhibitors ucMGP, fetuin-A, and osteoprotegerin were 370+/-107 nmol/L, 0.57+/-0.03 g/L, and 5.64+/-0.79 pmol/L, respectively. It usually presents as resistant hypertension, renal dysfunction, mesenteric ischaemia, limb claudication or embolic manifestations. ADVERTISEMENT: Supporters see fewer/no ads, Please Note: You can also scroll through stacks with your mouse wheel or the keyboard arrow keys. The term coral reef aorta was coined in 1984 by Qvarfordt et al 1. Epub 2010 Feb 4. Common symptoms reported by people with abdominal aortic calcification. in 1984 in patients with heavily calcified polypoid atherosclerotic lesions in the thoracoabdominal aorta. Coral reef aorta: case report and review of the literature. Policha A, Moudgill N, Eisenberg J et-al. Coral reef aorta (CRA) is a rare disease characterized by atherosclerosis, calcification, and stenosis of the abdominal aorta, being described as rock-hard calcifications in the The severity of the impact to coral reefs will depend in part upon the balance between calcification (production of reef structure) and dissolution of reef sediments, and whether or not reef systems will be able to keep up with rising sea level. 2005 Jun;67(6):2295-304. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00333.x. 2017 Jun 25;10(2):155-158. doi: 10.3400/avd.cr.16-00133. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Lesions demonstrate a coral reef shape 2. 3. Coral reef aorta, emergency surgical: case report and literature review. According to e-radiography.net, calcification in the abdominal aorta is the medical condition in which hardening of the walls of the abdominal aorta occurs 1. 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