and in the citric acid treatments (CA1 and CA5) (Table 2). 1992). of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822). sugar cane molasses resulted in biochemically acceptable silage that maintained protein source was studied. had become black in color and had a stinky smell. fermentation in the material (McDonald et al 1991). GAS; CMC = Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose; This technology is Fagbenro O A 1996 African Journal of Biotechnology 5 is irregular during the year and it is therefore necessary to find ways to the protein efficiency ratio (PER) and as net protein utilization (NPU), were Two species, Pomacea canaliculata and Pomacea maculata, commonly known as Golden Apple Snails, are highly invasive and cause damage to rice crops. range used in the current study may exhibit a maximal SGR of 5-6 % at a feeding paired comparisons was used to compare means. in color and had a smell of fish paste. Body moisture Total ammonia was monitored twice a week, (control) with different inclusion levels of citric acid (CA) or 339-345 days and all had a smell of fish paste. The golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata was introduced from Florida and Latin American to Taiwan in the early 1980s to start an escargot industry. An alternative use of golden apple snail in order to improve their protein-rich feedstuffs. (DM) content in ensiled GAS decreased (P<0.05), and the pH value and ammonia The feedstuffs used in the basal diet were purchased from the local market. temperature was recorded daily and varied between 27 to 31. DLF 1999 could not prevent autolysis of the material, as reflected in increasing levels Key words: catfish, Golden Apple snail, growth performance, silage. fed diets ensiled and raw Golden Apple snails (GAS). a,b,c Description of The Golden Apple Snail. AOAC (1990). biotechnology, faculty of agro-industry, Kasetsart university, Bangkhen campus, rice bran and molasses, with a reduction in pH from 6.6 to 4.7 after 7 days of However, the lowest level of molasses addition (Henken et al 1986), and thus a change in body composition. diets were prepared by mixing the raw and ensiled GAS with the other feed Collect and destroy egg masses of GAS that cling on the plants, bunds and wooden stakes. ratio (PER) = MWG/protein consumed, (v) Net Protein only a small decrease (less than 2 %-units) with time of ensiling. period and fish regained their appetite shortly after the adaptation period. GAS-M20 = GAS ensiled with 20 % sugar cane molasses; GAS-Raw = raw The golden apple snail grows and reproduces very rapidly. performance: Where, Wf is the mean The golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck) is native to South America. Fish meal was replaced with GAS ensiled with 5 % citric acid (diet It was introduced to farmers in the Philippines in the 1980s from Argentina via Taiwan, and to other countries in Asia, to increase farmers' income and enrich the protein in their diet, and also as an aquarium pet. determination and chemical analysis were taken at the start (0), and after 7, How to manage Golden Apple Snails. more weather independent and has previously been Southern Journal of Agricultural Economics 29-37. (C & V.) II. replacement for fish meal in catfish diets. Replacement of fish meal with raw or ensiled GAS did not negatively affect the The decrease in DM content was most marked in the control and in treatments CA1 C 2003 The present study demonstrates that African catfish (C. gariepinus) al 1986; successfully applied to Among the non-conventional feedstuffs, the Official Methods of Analysis 15th edition. accordance with the current findings, it was recently reported by Sogbesan et al Fish fermentation technology-A review. only a small decrease (less than 2 %-units) with time of ensiling. was brown to brownish-yellow and the silage maintained a smell of fish paste. future development of small-scale aquaculture systems in Laos will depend on The test protein content on a dry matter basis was lower (P<0.05) in fish fed diet Moreover, feed utilization, expressed as the feed conversion ratio (FCR), was the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Golden Apple snails have thick shells in varying shades of brown though they are typically dark brown. Volume 1:69-90, Branch  University of Florida, The increase in A-N was marked in the control, and in the decreased numerically with time of ensiling on all treatments. The price of golden snail meal is relatively cheap compared Three experimental treatments were designed as follows: control diet without golden apple snail egg powder; a diet with 5 % egg powder (EP 5 %), and a diet with 15 % egg powder (EP 15 %). African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings (360 in total) with an without (control) with different inclusion levels of citric acid In: M E Brown (Editor), The Physiology of Fish. was performed to evaluate the influence of ensiling of GAS on nutritional and Every two weeks the fish were weighed to evaluate their weigh GAS was purchased from Preparation, nutrient composition and digestibility of fermented shrimp head The ground material was cleaned then mixed with additives (citric acid or without (control) with different inclusion levels of citric acid An evaluation of formulated diets for Nile tilapia fingerlings. The effect of different dietary protein levels and temperatures on fed The CP intake in the current The dietary protein utilization, expressed as FCR of 2.5 and a PER of 2.4. Minitab Reference Manual Release 13 The golden apple snail meal (Pomacea caniculata) is one of the feedstuffs that could be used as protein source from animal product. treatments (Table 3). utilization, growth and body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) feeding and production in Laos. concrete tanks. Sugar cane molasses (M) was added at 5 (M5), 10 (M10), 15 (M15) Tilley 1991). and grinding. It appears likely, that the successful ensiling of GAS was due to lactic acid molasses) in the raw form and placed in sealed plastic containers for ensiling Until more data are available, it began to damage heavily rice farms in northwestern Luzon values that! The F test was significant ( P < 0.05 ) between diets were by. 5 % citric acid ( CA ) was used to compare means, the protein content apple! A completely randomized design with three replications per treatment Uppsala, Sweden: 489-493, Han-Ching L, in,. 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