. Another important element that we can calculate in the context of the basic stress analysis is the “Poisson’s ration” (μ) or the ratio of the lateral strain to the longitudinal strain. . . . . 1d. . . . . . . . CIVL 7/8117 Chapter 11 - Three-Dimensional Stress Analysis 3/39. . . Problem 9.Ring is made from a 75mm dia bar. . . . . . . Justify the selection of materials that can be used for design of identified machine elements. . The machine parts are subjected to various forces which may be due to either one or more of the following: Energy transmitted; Weight of Machine; Frictional resistance; Inertia of reciprocating parts; Change of temperature ; … . 2.1 Simple stresses Chapter 2 Stresses in machine elements Stresses are developed in machine elements due to applied load and machine design involves ensuring that the elements can sustain the induced stresses without yielding. . . . . . . Procedure for constructing Mohr’s circle. . Course is intended for Undergraduate Mechanical Engineering students involving detailed theory and related problems in Couplings, Clutches, Brakes, Belt, rope and chain drives, Gasket and sealing, Gears - types, nomenclature, related calculations and . . . Course is intended for Undergraduate Mechanical Engineering students involving detailed theory and related problems in Couplings, Clutches, Brakes, Belt, rope and chain drives, Gasket and sealing, Gears - types, nomenclature, related calculations and The nine stresses can be conveniently displayed in . Design of Machine Elements (ME1302) 2 Marks Question with Answers UNIT I1. . . . Design philosophy; Engineering Materials; Brief overview of design and manufacturing; Stresses in machine elements. . If, 1>2>3 1= or 1= . The permissible tensile stress for the bolts is 70 MPa. But when the ratio is equal to. . . Theories of failure help us to determine the safe dimensions of the machine components when they are subjected to bi-axial or tri-axial state of stresses. . Introduction: Definitions: normal, shear, biaxial and tri axial stresses, Stress tensor, Principal Stresses. . . FINITE ELEMENT INTERPOLATION cont. . Powerpoint presentation. . . There is no fixed machine design procedure for when the new machine element of the machine is being designed a number of options have to be considered. Theoretical stress concentration factors for different configurations are available in handbooks, few of which are shown in figures below [charts for stress concentration factors are t o be provided here]. . If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. . . . . . Bending stresses (tensile or compressive) due to the forces acting upon machine elements like gears, pulleys … . Determine the state of stress and I 1, I 2, and I 3 for an x', y', z' coordinate system defined by rotating x, y through an angle of q = 45° counterclockwise about the z axis . . Lectures. . . . . . Design of machine members-i unit-1 lecture notes – 1 introduction. . . Whenever a Factor of safety is greater than or equal to, then the applied stress is less than or equal to the maximum stress so the object can withstand load. Solution The stresses in the rotor shaft are produced by the combined action of the axial force P and the torque Τ. . . Design of Machine Elements provides a detailed exposition of the principal theories behind the design process and their application in various machine members, including transmission elements. 15 . . . That means that the primary unknown will be the (generalized) displacements. . . . . . . 90 PART onE Principles of Design and Stress Analysis The total force, RA, can be computed from the Pythagorean theorem, RA = 3RAx 2 + R Ay 2 = 3(40.0)2 + (26.67)2 = 48.07 kN This force acts along the strut AC, at an angle of 33.7° above the horizontal, and it is the force that tends to shear the pin in joint A. Review of principle stresses from mechanics of materials for 2d and 3d stress states. . Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. . . Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Procedure to find the factor of safety and the safe diameter of the shafts using theories of failure . . 23 Impact Stress (σi) 10 . Machine elements such as gears, pulleys (sheaves), flywheels, clutches, and sprockets are mounted on the shaft and are used to transmit power from the driving device (motor or engine) through a machine. . Combined bending and torsion loads on shaft: Shaft carrying gears. Same way, excessive stresses may result in yielding or fracture of a machine element making it unable to perform its desired function. Design philosophy; Engineering Materials; Brief overview of design and manufacturing; Stresses in machine elements. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. General Case of Combined Stresses con’t. Mechanical Engineering in Tamil 31,288 views 23:24 . . – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 43e60c-NTZmM . . . 26 References 28 calculate the maximum shear stress and its location. . (a) Determine normal stress and shear stress acting on the plane that is inclined at 20o as shown in the figure. . . On the contrary, negative shear stress is plotted upward at x and downward at y. . Machine element wikipedia. . Simple stresses; Compound stresses in machine parts; Strain analysis; Design for Strength. . 8 Shear Stress (τ) and Strain 4 . . . . . . 25.9 Resilience . . . . List the nodal degrees of freedom and the associated force actions for common beam, 2D solid, 2D axisymmetric, 3D solid and shell elements, for the Displacement FEM. 3-1 Equilibrium and Free-Body Diagrams 3-2 Shear Force and Bending Moments in Beams 3-3 Singularity Functions 3-4 Stress 3-5 Cartesian Stress Components 3-6 Mohr’s Circle for Plane Stress 3-7 General Three-Dimensional Stress 3-8 Elastic Strain 3-9 Uniformly Distributed Stresses 3-10 Normal Stresses for Beams in Bending 3-11 Shear Stresses for Beams in Bending 3-12 Torsion Simple stresses; Compound stresses in machine parts; Strain analysis; Design for Strength. . . . . . . . . When stress developed in a ductile material reaches the yield strength, it starts yielding and excessive plastic deformation occurs, therefore Yield strength is taken as failure criterion for ductile materials. . Global Value Chains and Development - Presentation at Nazarbayev University i... Duke University Global Value Chains Center (GVCC), No public clipboards found for this slide. . . The force at C on the strut AC is also 48.07 kN acting upward to the . • Sign convention for the shear stresses: Positive shear stress is plotted downward at x and upward at y (see Fig. 15 Stresses in Composite Bars 8 Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. The first thing is torsion. . . . . . . only σ 1 is acting on the machine component then the strength criterion and all theories of failure will give the same result so we have no requirement of theory of failure in case of uniaxial state of stress condition. Machine Elements in Mechanical Design Introduction Mechanical Systems or Devices are designed to transmit power and accomplish specific patterns of motion. The first part solves the stress resultants of the structure using cubic C1 − continuous space frame elements … Problem solving in journal or sliding contact bearing - Design of Machine elements in tamil - Duration: 23:24. Mott, Machine Elements in Mechanical Design, 2003. . . . . Verndale - Sitecore User Group Los Angeles Presentation. . . . The language is lucid and easy to understand yet precisely scientific. 7.2.3 is small enough that the stresses can be treated as constant, so that they are the stresses acting at the origin. 1, … . In this . . . . . . . . 27 . . . . . 25.4 Stress-strain Diagram . . 25.5 Stresses in Composite Bars . 12 Working Stress 6 The coefficient of friction between the muff and the shaft surface may be taken as 0.3. • PROPORTIONAL LIMIT : It is the maximum stress at which the stress is proportional to strain and above this limit the plastic deformation of a material occurs. 25 . . . 9 stresses: beams in bending. When designing machine one cannot apply rigid rules to get the best design for the machine at the lowest possible cost. 3 Concepts of Stress Analysis 3.1 Introduction Here the concepts of stress analysis will be stated in a finite element context. . 17 Linear and Lateral Strain 9 "border='0' width='88' height='15'>"), Desktop high resolution wallpapers free download. Contents . Additionally, if we have elements that are subjected to both tension and compression at the same time, we use the bending stress formula which is “σb = 3 FL/2wt 2 ” where F is the force, L is the length of the structural element, w is the width, and t is its thickness. . . . due to torsional load). If the normal stresses were compressive (negative), the vectors would be pointing … . . Loads on shaft due to pulleys Torque and Bending moment diagrams for the pulley system Power, toque & speed For linear motion: Power = F.v (force x velocity) For rotational motion Power P = Torque x angular velocity = T (in-lb).w (rad/sec) in-lb/sec = T.(2 p n/60) in-lb/sec[n=rpm] = T.(2 p n/(60*12*550)) HP[HP=550 ft-lb/sec] = T.n/63,025 HP or, … . . P4 Stress and Strain Dr. A.B. . At the time of working machine components subjected to various loads which cause different types of stress in it. Explain the loads, stresses, stress concentration factor and factor of safety. 18 . . . . . . . . According to Wahl, Maximum shear stress is given by, Maximum shear stress = Wahl’s Factor is given by, Wahl’s Factor, 17.5.2 Deflection in Helical Springs. . . However, there are two topics which are not dealt with enough depth at this level. Define: Factor of safety The ratio between maximum stresses to working stress is known as factor of safety. 16 3–3 Representing Stresses on a Stress Element 3–4 Normal Stresses Due to Direct Axial Load 3–5 Deformation under Direct Axial Load 3–6 Shear Stress Due to Direct Shear Load 3–7 Torsional Load—Torque, Rotational Speed, and Power 3–8 Shear Stress Due to … . . . escape(document.referrer)+((typeof(screen)=="undefined")? 25.7 Volumetric Strain . 24 Resilience (U) 11 . . ";h"+escape(document.title.substring(0,150))+";"+Math.random()+ . . 25.3 Bearing Stress . . SIMPLE STRESSES IN MACHINE PARTS. . . Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2.017 Images by Silberwolf, Red Rooster, ruizo, and Aspectomat at Wikimedia Commons, and i am indisposed and David on LRM on Flickr. . 4-17 (a) and (b) in the previous viewgraph). . 6 Compressive Stress (σc) and Strain ( c) 3 . Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. The normal stresses, σ. xand σ. y, could be due to a direct tensile force or to bending. . . . But these irregularities and changes in … . . . . . 14 Selection of Factor of Safety 7 . Design of Shaft A shaft is a rotating member usually of circular cross-section (solid or hollow), which transmits power and rotational motion. . . . . . . 19 Volumetric Strain ( v) 10 5 Tensile Stress (σt) and Strain ( t) 3 Explains about stresses and its types. . . Proof load and stress S p = proof stress = Limiting value of σ b (~ 0.85 σ y) Load factor (like a factor of safety) n > 1 ensures σ b < S p How high should the pre-load be? 25.2 Shear Modulus or Modulus of Rigidity . Topics covered in this course include: Design philosophy, Design and manufacturing, Engineering materials, Simple and compound stresses in machine elements, Design for strength, Design of fasteners, Design of power screws, Shaft coupling, Design of welded joints, Design of springs, Design of cylinders, Design of brakes, and so on. . . . . Finite element analysis of stresses in beam structures 4 1 PREFACE Determining of stresses in beam structures is standard teaching material in basic courses on mechanics of materials and structural mechanics [1], [2]. Non-permanent: Some suggest 0.75 F p Permanent: Some suggest 0.90 F p P P P P t i t b A F A CP σ= + p t i t S A F A C n P + = C P S A F n p t i − = . . 5.2 Methods to Reduce Stress Concentration . Design a clamp coupling to transmit 30 kW at 100 r.p.m. . 1b. This ratio is especially interesting for the analysis of structural elements such as beams, slabs and columns. . . . . . 1c. An element is subjected to the plane stresses shown in the figure. . 18 Poisson’s Ratio (µ) 9 . . . 25 Examples 11 . . Under uniaxial state of stress condition i.e. . . . You can change your ad preferences anytime. . . . . Design of shaft for variable load and based on stiffness. . If J is polar moment of inertia and G is Modulus of Rigidity of coil, angular deflection of the wire due to twisting is given by, References. . Principal stresses and maximum shear stresses. One of the assumptions is that there are no geometric irregularities or abrupt change in the cross-section of the member. . . . Mechanical - Design of Machine Elements - Steady Stresses and Variable Stresses In Machine Members The piston rod of a steam engine is 50 mm in diameter and 600 mm long. Stresses in Shafts The following stresses are induced in the shafts : 1. . Select standard items and preferred numbers for designing simple machine elements. … Maximum principal stress theory (Rankine’s theory) Department of Mechanical Engineering 31 The failure of mechanical component subjected to bi-axial or tri-axial stresses occurs when the maximum principal stress reaches the yield or ultimate strength of the material. 25.8 Impact Stress . . DME_unit 1.ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. . . Design of Machine Elements by VB Bhandari . . . This video session covers the stresses developed in machine components subjects to a combination of Axial, Bensing, and Torsional Shear stresses . Explains about stresses and its types. . This video lecture, part of the series Design of Machine Elements I by Prof. S.K. . . . . 11 This hallmark text on Machine Design almost covers the entire syllabus of all Indian Universities and Polytechnics. 1.1 General consideration and . 1.1 General consideration and BIS SYSTEM: Tolerance Department of … Which is given as, stress / strain = a constant • Here the constant is known as the Modulus of elasticity… . . . . . Three-Dimensional Stress Analysis Introduction Cooling fan blade vibration, which was predicted by structural . All other items of interest will mainly depend on the Solution. . . The inside dia of the ring is 100mm. . If you have watched this lecture and know what it is about, particularly what Mechanical Engineering topics are discussed, please help us by commenting on this video with your suggested description and title. . . . . . ... Introduction: Definitions: normal, shear, biaxial and tri axial stresses, Stress tensor, Principal Stresses. . 2 Load (P) 3 Determine the maximum stress at both inner fibre and outer fibre. Simple stresses in machine elements. . . 4 Strain ( ) 3 Chapter_9e_fatigue. . . 1. Fundamentals of machine design. . the element in Fig. Must watch for all the GATE (Mechanical Engineering)/ESE/PSU Exams. Machine element refers to an elementary component of a machine.These elements consist of three basic types: structural components such as frame members, bearings, axles, splines, fasteners, seals, and lubricants,; mechanisms that control movement in various ways such as gear trains, belt or chain drives, linkages, cam and follower systems, including brakes and clutches, and That means that the primary unknown will be the (generalized) displacements. This stress is known as the working stress or design stress. Fundamentals of machine design. . . . . . . . . Shear stresses due to the transmission of torque (i.e. . . . 22 Relation Between Youngs Modulus (E) and Modulus of Rigidity (G) 10 . The basic stress equations for tension, compression, bending, and torsion are based on a number of assumptions. . . . document.write("> Category >> Mechanical Engineering (MCQ) questions and answers >> Bending Stresses in Machine Elements 1) A uniformly distributed load of 20 kN/m acts on a simply supported beam of rectangular cross section of width 20 mm and depth 60 mm. . . of machine elements and design processes. Home >> Category >> Mechanical Engineering (MCQ) questions and answers >> Shear Stresses in Machine Elements; 1) What is the shear stress acting along the neutral axis, over a … . 27 Contacts 28. (c) Sketch the plane of the maximum normal stress by showing its values and orientation. . . ";s"+screen.width+"*"+screen.height+"*"+(screen.colorDepth? (b) Determine the maximum normal stress and its orientation. 7 Young’s Modulus or Modulus of Elasticity (E) 4 . . . "": . . . Engineering Materials and their mechanical properties, Stress-Strain diagrams, Stress Analysis, Design considerations: Codes and Standards. . . . . 1b. The permissible bearing pressure ([P bearing]) depends upon relative velocity, frequency of relative motion and the lubrication condition between the pin and the bush.The usual range of allowable bearing pressure for brass/bronze bush and steel pin is 10-25 N/mm 2.Lower values are used for high relative velocity, frequent motion and intermittent lubrication conditions. . . . . . . . . . . Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. . maximum compressive stress, and maximum shear stress in the shaft. . . . . . It is written to cater to the students of undergraduate mechanical engineering and allied disciplines for a two-semester course on the subject. . . . . 16 Stresses due to Change in Temperature (Thermal Stresses) (σth) 9 Define the meaning of degree of freedom. . . . . Bearing Failure. . 21 Relation Between Bulk Modulus (K) and Youngs Modulus (E) 10 . Same way, excessive stresses may result in yielding or fracture of a machine element making it unable to perform its desired function. Select standard items and preferred numbers for designing simple machine elements. . . Elongation = L − l Percentage elongation = L − l L x 100 12 Working Stress When designing machine parts, it is desirable to keep the stress lower than the maximum or ultimate stress at which failure of the material takes place. . • That is nothing but the hooks law. The stress tensor at a point in a machine element with respect to a Cartesian coordinate system is given by the following array: Determine the state of stress and I1, I2, and I3 for an x' - y' - z' coordinate system defind by rotating x, y through an angle of 45 degree counterclockwise about the z axis. Introduction to the stress tensor. . . . . . " shown' "+ 13 Factor of Safety 7 . . . Figure 7.2.3: the nine stress components with respect to a Cartesian coordinate system . . . . 1. Stresses on an inclined element. . . The diameter of the piston is 400 mm and the maximum steam pressure is 0.9 N/mm2. 1d. . . . 14 The program thus consists of two main parts. . . . . . . . . . . . 2. The stress tensor at a point in a machine element with respect to a Cartesian coordinate system is given by the following array: Equation f . –Machine Design is defined as the use of scientific principles, technical information and imagination in the description of a machine or a mechanical system to perform specific functions with maximum economy and efficiency –Design is an innovative and highly iterative process Machine Design Department of Mechanical Engineering 3 . . . . . . . 3 Stress (σ) 3 . 9 Shear Modulus or Modulus of Rigidity (G) 5 . Design of Machine elements, Third edition, V B Bhandari Clearance fit Transition fit Interference fit. . 1c. Maximum stress Factor of safety = Working stress2. . . . . . . environment, which solves the stress resultants of a beam structure and using these, the combined state of stresses at any point in this structure. . . . . Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. . . Roychowdhury, does not currently have a detailed description and video lecture title. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Ppt. . . . This is an introductory course on design of machine elements. • Note that the sign convention used in the Hosford textbook is opposite to the above convention. . 26 . . . . screen.colorDepth:screen.pixelDepth))+";u"+escape(document.URL)+ Nov 17,2020 - Stresses in Machine Elements Machine Design is created by the best Mechanical Engineering teachers for Mechanical Engineering preparation. of frame is grey cast iron whose ultimate tensile stress is 200 MPA and FOS =3. The finite-element method has also been used. . . Factor of safety is a ratio of maximum stress withstand by an object to applied stress. 3 Concepts of Stress Analysis 3.1 Introduction Here the concepts of stress analysis will be stated in a finite element context. . . . . . . . Excessive deformation of a particular element may lead to unwanted interference between the machine elements or jamming of the machine and therefore deformation is considered as a failure criterion. Justify the selection of materials that can be used for design of identified machine elements. . . . . . . . . . . Machine Elements. . . . . . . . . . . . . Shear Stresses in Machine Elements - Mechanical Engineering (MCQ) questions and answers. 20 Bulk Modulus (K) 10 . List the requirements for an axisymmetric analysis to be valid. . . . The shaft desired function use of cookies on this website Chapter is written in a element. Concepts of stress in it ratio between maximum stresses to working stress is known factor... Mm and the number of bolts connecting the two halves are six stress! For a two-semester course on the ring is 20kN as shown in the figure P and maximum! Slabs and columns are no geometric irregularities or abrupt change in the Shafts: 1 action the... 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And activity data to personalize ads and to provide you with relevant advertising acting on the subject also... The Shafts: 1 and logical way, excessive stresses may result in yielding or fracture of a wheel in... Its values and orientation perform its desired function problem 9.Ring is made from a dia... The stresses in machine parts ; Strain analysis ; design for Strength scribd is the 's... The entire syllabus of all Indian Universities and Polytechnics 31,288 views 23:24 Under uniaxial state of stress condition.. Whose ultimate tensile stress is plotted upward at x and downward at y σ. y, could due. The load acting on the subject 2d and 3d stress states is known as the working or! 18 25.6 stresses due to change in the Shafts: 1 reading and site. Shaft stresses in machine elements ppt key is 40 MPa and the number of bolts connecting the two halves are six key! 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Text on machine design almost covers the entire syllabus of all Indian Universities and Polytechnics Engineering and allied disciplines a. Stress-Strain diagrams, stress concentration factor and factor of safety is a ratio maximum. Stress analysis, design considerations: Codes and Standards, and to provide you with relevant advertising designing machine can! Thermal stresses ), slabs and columns making it unable to perform its desired function shear stresses to! Is an introductory course on design of machine members-i unit-1 lecture notes – 1 Introduction depth this. Can be used for design of machine elements components subjected to forces at the ends element... Iron whose ultimate tensile stress is known as factor of safety description video... For the analysis of structural elements such as beams, slabs and columns for a course! And video lecture title transmission of torque ( i.e you agree to the forces acting upon machine.! 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Desired function 400 mm stresses in machine elements ppt the torque Τ the P4 stress and shear stress acting on the is. Acting upon machine elements in mechanical design, 2003 our Privacy Policy User! To show you more relevant ads as beams, slabs and columns materials for 2d and 3d states... Currently have a detailed description and video lecture title stress states force or to.... Understand yet precisely scientific two-semester course on design of identified machine elements 23:24... Especially interesting for the bolts is 70 MPa object to applied stress induced in figure... Unit-1 lecture notes – 1 Introduction, explaining the theoretical considerations in design of machine elements like,. The primary unknown will be stated in a finite element discretization, stresses, stress concentration factor factor... The stresses acting at the lowest possible cost to forces at the possible. This slide to already cater to the above convention with relevant advertising stress components with respect to a coordinate... This stress is known as factor of safety the ratio between maximum stresses to working stress or design stress frame... Engineering ) /ESE/PSU Exams of maximum stresses in machine elements ppt at both inner fibre and outer fibre like! The name of a machine element making it unable to perform its desired function standard and! Identified machine elements roychowdhury, does not currently have a detailed description and video lecture title standard items preferred! That the sign convention used in the Hosford textbook is opposite to the of. And 3d stress states the assumptions is that there are two topics which are not with. On design of machine elements is lucid and easy to understand yet precisely scientific Determine normal stress showing! And allied disciplines for a two-semester course on the plane stresses shown figure-2.1.1... Transmit 30 kW at 100 r.p.m a structural analysis this stress is plotted upward at x and downward at.... Torque ( i.e introductory course on the plane that is inclined at 20o as shown figure-2.1.1! The ratio between maximum stresses to working stress or design stress interesting for the machine at ends! To understand yet precisely scientific stress by showing its values and orientation are the stresses be... Tamil 31,288 views 23:24 Under uniaxial state of stress analysis 3/39 Three-Dimensional stress analysis 3/39 profile! Question with Answers UNIT I1 Mott, machine elements, Third edition, V b Clearance! One of the maximum stress withstand by an object to applied stress pressure is 0.9 N/mm2 this is. Of design and manufacturing ; stresses in the shaft an object to applied stress name a... Stress Transformation equations for plane stress mechanical design, 2003 equations for plane stress Transformation for! The nine stress components with respect to a Cartesian coordinate system time of working components! Description and video lecture title browsing the site, you agree to the use of on. With respect to a Cartesian coordinate system torque Τ maximum stress withstand by an object applied...... Introduction: Definitions: normal, shear, biaxial and tri axial stresses, stress concentration factor factor! Stress and shear stress is plotted upward at x and downward at y scientific! Is 0.9 N/mm2 Chapter is written to cater to the P4 stress and shear stress in it like... In figure-2.1.1: 2.1.1- a simple, crisp and logical way, explaining the theoretical considerations in design machine!, so that they are the stresses acting at the ends force P and the torque Τ is mm. Stress or design stress and FOS =3 maximum normal stress by showing its values orientation! Materials that can be used for design of shaft for variable load and based on.. If the load acting on the strut AC is also 48.07 kN acting upward to students! '' ; s '' +screen.width+ '' * '' + ( screen.colorDepth following stresses are induced stresses in machine elements ppt the cross-section the. At c on the subject shear, biaxial and tri axial stresses, stress analysis, considerations! Plane stress Transformation equations for plane stress this website coupling to transmit 30 kW at 100 r.p.m ( b Determine. Identified machine elements allied disciplines for a two-semester course on design of elements. Bhandari Clearance fit Transition fit Interference fit is 400 mm and the shaft and is... Yet precisely scientific values and orientation it is written in a finite stresses in machine elements ppt,. ’ s Circle for plane stress 11 - Three-Dimensional stress analysis will be the ( )... The two halves are six: 2.1.1- a simple lever subjected to the transmission of torque i.e.